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Microorganisms Sep 2023Urban rats serve as reservoirs for several zoonotic pathogens that seriously endanger public health, destroy stored food, and damage infrastructure due to their close...
Urban rats serve as reservoirs for several zoonotic pathogens that seriously endanger public health, destroy stored food, and damage infrastructure due to their close interaction with humans and domestic animals. Here, we characterize the core microbiomes of stomach, gut, and lung using 16S rRNA next-generation Illumina HiSeq sequencing. The USEARCH software (v11) assigned the dataset to operational taxonomic units (OTUs). The alpha diversity index was calculated using QIIME1, while the beta diversity index was determined using the Bray-Curtis and Euclidean distances between groups. Principal component analyses visualized variation across samples based on the OTU information using the R package. Linear discriminant analysis, effect sizes (LEfSe), and phylogenetic investigation were used to identify differentially abundant taxa among groups. We reported an abundance of microbiota in the stomach, and they shared some of them with the gut and lung microbiota. A close look at the microbial family level reveals abundant Lactobacillaceae and Bifidobacteriaceae in the stomach, whereas Lactobacillaceae and Erysipelotrichaceae were more abundant in the gut; in contrast, Alcaligenaceae were abundant in the lungs. At the species level, some beneficial bacteria, particularly and , and some potential pathogens, such as , , , , etc., were identified in stomach, gut, and lung samples. Moreover, the alpha and beta diversity indexes revealed significant differences between the groups. Further analysis revealed abundant differential taxonomic biomarkers, i.e., increased Prevotellaceae and Clostridia in the lungs, whereas Campylobacteria and Lachnospirales were richest in the stomachs. In conclusion, we identified many beneficial, opportunistic, and highly pathogenic bacteria, confirming the importance of urban rats for public health. This study recommends a routine survey program to monitor rodent distribution and the pathogens they carry and transmit to humans and other domestic mammals.
PubMed: 37764203
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11092359 -
Clinical Microbiology and Infection :... May 2008Bordetella spp. are not normally included when considering the opportunistic bacterial species that are typically involved in respiratory tract infections in individuals...
Bordetella spp. are not normally included when considering the opportunistic bacterial species that are typically involved in respiratory tract infections in individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF). By using a combination of bacterial genotyping and 16S rDNA sequencing, Bordetella spp. were identified in cultures obtained from 43 individuals with CF. Most (n = 23) patients were infected with Bordetella bronchiseptica/parapertussis; five were infected with Bordetella hinzii, four with Bordetella petrii, three with Bordetella avium, and eight with unidentified Bordetella spp. Consideration should be given to the presence of these organisms in the evaluation of CF sputum cultures.
Topics: Bordetella; Bordetella Infections; Cystic Fibrosis; Genes, Bacterial; Humans; Opportunistic Infections; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Respiratory Tract Infections; Sputum
PubMed: 18325036
DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2008.01968.x -
Comparative Medicine 2016A group studying acute lung injury observed an increased percentage of neutrophils in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid of mice. BAL was performed, and lung samples...
A group studying acute lung injury observed an increased percentage of neutrophils in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid of mice. BAL was performed, and lung samples were collected sterilely from 5 C57BL/6 mice that had been bred inhouse. Pure colonies of bacteria, initially identified as Bordetella hinzii were cultured from 2 of the 5 mice which had the highest percentages of neutrophils (21% and 26%) in the BAL fluid. Subsequent sequencing of a portion of the ompA gene from this isolate demonstrated 100% homology with the published B. pseudohinzii sequence. We then selected 10 mice from the investigator's colony to determine the best test to screen for B. pseudohinzii in the facility. BAL was performed, the left lung lobe was collected for culture and PCR analysis, the right lung lobe and nasal passages were collected for histopathology, an oral swab was collected for culture, and an oral swab and fecal pellets were collected for PCR analysis. B. pseudohinzii was cultured from the oral cavity, lung, or both in 8 of the 10 mice analyzed. All 8 of these mice were fecal PCR positive for B. pseudohinzii; 7 had increased neutrophils (5% to 20%) in the BAL fluid, whereas the 8th mouse had a normal neutrophil percentage (2%). Active bronchopneumonia was not observed, but some infected mice had mild to moderate rhinitis. B. pseudohinzii appears to be a microbial agent of importance in mouse colonies that can confound pulmonary research. Commercial vendors and institutions should consider colony screening, routine reporting, and exclusion of B. pseudohinzii.
Topics: Animals; Bordetella; Bordetella Infections; Lung Diseases; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Rodent Diseases
PubMed: 27780002
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Bacteriology Nov 2000We discovered and characterized a temperate transducing bacteriophage (Ba1) for the avian respiratory pathogen Bordetella avium. Ba1 was initially identified along with...
We discovered and characterized a temperate transducing bacteriophage (Ba1) for the avian respiratory pathogen Bordetella avium. Ba1 was initially identified along with one other phage (Ba2) following screening of four strains of B. avium for lysogeny. Of the two phage, only Ba1 showed the ability to transduce via an allelic replacement mechanism and was studied further. With regard to host range, Ba1 grew on six of nine clinical isolates of B. avium but failed to grow on any tested strains of Bordetella bronchiseptica, Bordetella hinzii, Bordetella pertussis, or Bordetella parapertussis. Ba1 was purified by CsCl gradient centrifugation and was found to have an icosahedral head that contained a linear genome of approximately 46.5 kb (contour length) of double-stranded DNA and a contractile, sheathed tail. Ba1 readily lysogenized our laboratory B. avium strain (197N), and the prophage state was stable for at least 25 generations in the absence of external infection. DNA hybridization studies indicated the prophage was integrated at a preferred site on both the host and phage replicons. Ba1 transduced five distinctly different insertion mutations, suggesting that transduction was generalized. Transduction frequencies ranged from approximately 2 x 10(-7) to 1 x 10(-8) transductants/PFU depending upon the marker being transduced. UV irradiation of transducing lysates markedly improved transduction frequency and reduced the number of transductants that were lysogenized during the transduction process. Ba1 may prove to be a useful genetic tool for studying B. avium virulence factors.
Topics: Bacteriophages; Bordetella; Centrifugation, Density Gradient; DNA, Viral; Humans; Lysogeny; Mutagenesis, Insertional; Replicon; Transduction, Genetic
PubMed: 11029434
DOI: 10.1128/JB.182.21.6130-6136.2000 -
Journal of Clinical Microbiology Feb 2000We report on the first case of fatal septicemia caused by Bordetella hinzii. The causative organism exhibited a biochemical profile identical to that of Bordetella avium...
We report on the first case of fatal septicemia caused by Bordetella hinzii. The causative organism exhibited a biochemical profile identical to that of Bordetella avium with three commercial identification systems (API 20E, API 20 NE, and Vitek GNI+ card). However, its cellular fatty acid profile was not typical for either B. avium or previously reported strains of B. hinzii. Presumptive identification of the patient's isolate was accomplished by traditional biochemical testing, and definitive identification was achieved by 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. Phenotypic features useful in distinguishing B. hinzii from B. avium were production of alkali from malonate and resistance to several antimicrobial agents.
Topics: Aged; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteremia; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Bordetella; Bordetella Infections; DNA, Bacterial; Fatal Outcome; Fatty Acids; Genes, rRNA; Humans; Male; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Molecular Sequence Data; Phylogeny; Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA
PubMed: 10655386
DOI: 10.1128/JCM.38.2.789-794.2000 -
Microbiology (Reading, England) Nov 2004The BvgAS two-component system is the master regulator of virulence gene expression in the mammalian pathogens Bordetella pertussis, Bordetella parapertussis and...
The BvgAS two-component system is the master regulator of virulence gene expression in the mammalian pathogens Bordetella pertussis, Bordetella parapertussis and Bordetella bronchiseptica. This paper reports the partial cloning and characterization of the bvgAS loci of the 'new' Bordetella species Bordetella holmesii, Bordetella trematum and Bordetella hinzii, which are increasingly recognized as opportunistic pathogens in humans. It is demonstrated that the cytoplasmic signalling domains of the BvgS histidine kinases of B. pertussis and B. holmesii are functionally interchangeable, while signal perception by the two sensor proteins seems to be different. Furthermore, it is shown that, despite the high similarity of the BvgA proteins of B. pertussis and B. holmesii, promoter recognition by the response regulator proteins differs substantially in these organisms.
Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Bacterial Proteins; Base Sequence; Bordetella; DNA, Bacterial; Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay; Gene Deletion; Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; Genetic Complementation Test; Histidine Kinase; Molecular Sequence Data; Promoter Regions, Genetic; Protein Binding; Protein Kinases; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Signal Transduction; Transcription Factors; Virulence Factors; Virulence Factors, Bordetella
PubMed: 15528658
DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.27432-0 -
Genomics Data Jun 2017In this study, we present the draft genome sequence of BH370 recovered from the trachea and lung tissues of an ICR mouse in Malaysia. The genome consists of...
In this study, we present the draft genome sequence of BH370 recovered from the trachea and lung tissues of an ICR mouse in Malaysia. The genome consists of 4,474,040 bp with a GC content of 66.4%. Annotation using RAST algorithm displayed 5119 protein encoding and 52 RNA genes. The CRISPR- genomic sequences previously reported in were identified. The nucleotide sequences of BH370 was deposited into the European Nucleotide Archive under the genome assembly accession number FPJN01000000.
PubMed: 28377885
DOI: 10.1016/j.gdata.2017.03.004 -
Journal of Clinical Microbiology Oct 1994Bordetella spp. cause respiratory tract diseases in warm-blooded animals. Only Bordetella bronchiseptica has been reported to cause bacteremia in humans, and this rare...
Bordetella spp. cause respiratory tract diseases in warm-blooded animals. Only Bordetella bronchiseptica has been reported to cause bacteremia in humans, and this rare infection usually occurs with pneumonia in immunocompromised patients. We describe "Bordetella hinzii" bacteremia in an AIDS patient without a respiratory illness. Combining biochemical phenotyping with fatty acid analysis permitted preliminary identification of this previously undescribed pathogen; identity was confirmed by DNA-DNA hybridization. This report extends the spectrum of human infections caused by the bordetellae.
Topics: Adult; Bacteremia; Bordetella; Humans; Male
PubMed: 7814500
DOI: 10.1128/jcm.32.10.2569-2571.1994 -
Genome Announcements Jan 2016
PubMed: 26769949
DOI: 10.1128/genomeA.01639-15 -
Journal of Clinical Microbiology May 2004Bordetella hinzii was isolated in four biliary specimens collected over 6 months from a liver transplant recipient with cholangitis. The isolates were resistant to most...
Bordetella hinzii was isolated in four biliary specimens collected over 6 months from a liver transplant recipient with cholangitis. The isolates were resistant to most beta-lactam antibiotics and fluoroquinolones. Molecular typing was performed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. These data add cholangitis to the spectrum of disease manifestations caused by B. hinzii.
Topics: Adult; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Bordetella; Bordetella Infections; Cholangitis; Chronic Disease; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field; Humans; Liver Transplantation; Male
PubMed: 15131227
DOI: 10.1128/JCM.42.5.2335-2337.2004